China
Type 85-II Main Battle Tank
Gary's Combat Vehicle Reference Guide

FM 3-22.34: Type 85-IIM
GENERAL DATA
 Type 85-IIM
Country of OriginChina
RoleMain battle tank
Date Of Introduction1991
Crew3
Combat Weight45.2 tons (41.0 mt)
Ground Pressure10.97 psi (0.771 kg/cm²)
Length, Overall 33.73 ft (10.28 m)
Length, Hull 23.95 ft (7.3 m)
Width, Overall 11.32 ft (3.45 m)
Height, Turret Top 7.55 ft (2.30 m)
Ground Clearance18.9 in (480 mm)
PERFORMANCE
 Type 85-IIM
Engine730 hp (544 kw) diesel
Range435 miles (700 km). 559 miles (900 km) with external tanks.
Road Speed35 mph (57 km/h)
Cross Country Speed22 mph (35 km/h)
Swim SpeedN/A
Fording Depth4.6 ft (1.4 m) unprepared, 7.9 ft (2.4 m) with snorkel
Grade60%
Trench Crossing8.9 ft (2.7 m)
Vertical Wall Climb2.6 ft (0.8 m)
PROTECTION
 Type 85-IIM
Armor?
Applique ArmorTrack skirts. Composite panels available.
Explosive Reactive ArmorN/A
Active Protective SystemN/A
NBC Protection SystemYes
Smoke Equipment12 x 81-mm smoke grenade launchers.
Vehicle engine exhaust smoke system.
ARMAMENT
Type 85-IIM
Type Mount Typical Ammo Load
2A46M/ D-81TM 125mm smoothbore gun Turret; auto or manual loading 42.
APFSDS-T, HEAT, Frag-HE
7.62mm Type 59 machine gun Coaxial to main gun 2,000
12.7mm Type 54 AA machine gun Turret roof 500
FIRE CONTROL
 Type 85-IIM
Fire Control SystemISFCS-212 (Image-Stabilized Fire Control System)
Main Gun Stabilization2-plane
RangefinderLaser
Infrared SearchlightYes

NOTES

The Type 85-II is a development of the Type 80 with a welded turret that can be fitted with additional armor protection, and a heavier main gun (125mm smoothbore instead of 105mm rifled).

The Type 54 machine gun is a Chinese copy of the Russian 12.7mm M1938/46 DShKM.

VARIANTS

Mine plows and roller-plows are available.
GEC-Marconi Centaur fire control system is available. British Barr and Stroud thermal based FCS can be fitted.
Type 85-IIAP
Variant assembled from Type 59s and Type 69-IIs and upgrade kits, or from licensed production in Pakistan.
Type 85-III
Upgraded variant with 1,000-hp engine and composite armor panels.